data center networking architecture

Table2-1 Performance Comparison with Distributed Forwarding, (6704 with DFC3, 6708 with DFC3, 6724 with DFC3). Dual-channel line cards, such as the 6704-10 GigE, 6708-10G, or the 6748-SFP (TX) can be placed in slots 9-13. It also averts outages with predictive insights, shortens time to resolution, and diminishes human error with change control and fast, all-network rollback. This layer serves as the gateway to the campus core where other modules connect, including, for example, the extranet, WAN, and Internet edge. This guide peels away the mystique to reveal a simple yet sophisticated protocol. The spanning tree protocols recommended in the data center design are 802.1w-Rapid PVST+ and 802.1s-MST. HSRP provides the richest feature set and flexibility to support multiple groups, adjustable timers, tracking, and a large number of instances. Current testing results recommend the maximum number of HSRP instances in an aggregation module to be limited to ~ 500, with recommended timers of a one second hello and a three second hold time. If you're new to networking on Azure, the best way to learn more is with Microsoft Learn training, a free online training platform. Learn more about intent-based networking. The aggregation layer provides a primary and secondary router "default gateway" address for all servers across the entire access layer using HSRP, VRRP, or GLBP default gateway redundancy protocols. Designing and implementing Azure networking capabilities is a critical part of your cloud solution. Using a Clos or spine-and-leaf architecture for the underlay reduces latency and increases interconnectivity. Ankita Mahajan Follow Member of Technical Staff at Oracle Advertisement Advertisement Recommended TCP/IP Network ppt extraganesh 131.3k views 15 slides In this case, servers in a particular application group (VIP) are distributed across two or more access layer switches, which eliminates the access switch as a single point of failure. The Fault Tolerant (FT) VLANs are not extended across these trunks. Figure2-8 illustrates the access layer using the Layer 2 loop-free model, in loop-free U and loop-free inverted U topologies. It does all this with the help of networking hardware like routers, switches, and gateways. Figure2-12 Service Layer Switch Traffic Flow, Note Configuration examples are provided in Chapter8 "Configuration Reference.". Note If a Cisco ACE or a CSM in a service switch is configured for Route Health Injection (RHI), a Layer 3 configuration to the aggregation layer switch is necessary, because RHI knows how to insert a host route into only the routing table of the local MSFC. These are some additional sample networking architectures: These articles provide service mapping and comparison between Azure and other cloud services. The Catalyst 4948-10GE provides dual 10GE uplinks, redundant power, plus 48 GE server ports in a 1RU form factor that makes it ideal for top of rack solutions. An analysis of application session flows that can transit the core helps to determine the maximum bandwidth requirements and whether DFCs would be beneficial. Network transformation is not a lift and shift of your current on-premises data center network to AWS. Figure2-5 Traffic Flow without Service Modules. The triangle-based looped topology is the most widely used today. Data Center Networks Build crash-resistant data center networks that boost operational reliability. EVPN-VXLAN provides large enterprises a common framework to manage their campus and data center networks with efficient and scalable Layer 2/Layer 3 network connectivity. This model contains the following three layers: Access Layer: Sometimes called Edge Layer. Here's a good introduction to Azure networking: And here's a comprehensive learning path: Consider these technologies and solutions as you plan and implement your deployment: The Azure Well-Architected Framework is a set of guiding tenets, based on five pillars, that you can use to improve the quality of your architectures. Figure2-12 shows the flow of a session using an ACEhg in one-arm mode on a service layer switch. Production compared to development useA development network might not require the redundancy or the software-rich features that are required by the production environment. 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The Catalyst 6509 can be ordered in a NEBS-compliant chassis that provides front-to-back air ventilation that might be required in certain data center configurations. Software-defined data center networking solutions control data in transfer and the workloads of machines processing the information. In this example, a server NIC failure or an access switch failure causes the servers to be automatically taken out of service by the load balancer, and sessions to be directed to the remaining servers. The service switch layer should be deployed in pairs to support a fully redundant configuration. If a single 4 Gbps EtherChannel does not provide enough bandwidth to meet design requirements, then multiple CSM modules can be used to scale, as required. The difference in performance can range from 30 Mpps system-wide to 48 Mpps per slot with DFCs. He has been involved in enterprise and data center networking. Data center networking refers to how all of the physical and networking resources in a data center interconnect. Figure2-4 Traffic Flow with Service Modules in a Looped Access Topology. The recommended platforms for the aggregation layer include the Cisco Catalyst 6509 and Catalyst 6513 switches equipped with Sup720 processor modules. The EX series are ethernet switches with cloud integration and aggregation core layers that work well with enterprise branch, campus, and data center networks. Both 802.1w and 802.1s have the same quick convergence characteristics but differ in flexibility and operation. If heavy server-to-server traffic on the same modular chassis is expected, such as in HPC designs, DFCs can certainly improve performance. Table2-1 summarizes the throughput and bandwidth performance for modules that support DFCs and the older CEF256, in addition to classic bus modules for comparison. The intention of this guide is to provide a systematic and well thought out series of steps to assist the reader with the design and deployment of a Layer 2 Leaf and Spine (L2LS) topology. Routing from core to aggregation layer can be tuned for bringing all traffic into a particular aggregation node where primary service modules are located. Access is the lowest layer where servers connect to an edge switch. Microsoft datacenters are designed to implement a strategy of defense-in-depth, employing multiple layers of safeguards to reliably protect our cloud architecture, and supporting infrastructure. In a large data center, a single pair of data center core switches typically interconnect multiple aggregation modules using 10 GigE Layer 3 interfaces. Generally speaking, the aggregation layer benefits with lower latency and higher overall forwarding rates when including DFCs on the line cards. In the following diagram (figure 2), we show a hybrid connectivity architecture across different datacenters and AWS. Redundancy is built into all systems at multiple levels to support datacenter availability. Traditional data center networks depend heavily on hardware and physical on-premises servers, which present storage, reliability, and latency issues in the face of a continuously growing volume of data. The FT VLAN is used to maintain session state between service modules. It comprises backup components and robust infrastructure for information exchange, power supply, security devices, and environmental control systems like fire suppression and air conditioning systems. A data center network consists of switches, routers, and other hardware components that work together to provide the connectivity and security needed to run applications and process data. When using a loop-free model, it is still necessary to run STP as a loop prevention tool. The nodes can be congured to operate in Ethernet-switched mode or IP-routed mode. Security breaches:Zero-trust data center security is an important aspect of the modern data center network that provides policy assurance, network segmentation, and compliance to prevent sensitive information from getting into the wrong hands. Learn more about how Cisco is using Inclusive Language. The aggregation layer must also support security and application devices and services, including the following: Distributed denial-of-service attack protection (Guard). Since all the links are active, this architecture also offers equal-cost multi-path (ECMP) routing. The aggregation layer carries the workload as it pertains to spanning tree processing. A single-homed server has no protection from a NIC card or access switch-related failure and represents a single point of failure. The following are the main differences between a looped and loop-free topology: No blocking on uplinks, all links are active in a loop-free topology, Layer 2 adjacency for servers is limited to a single pair of access switches in a loop-free topology. An analysis of application session flows that can transit the aggregation layer helps to determine the maximum forwarding requirements and whether DFCs would be beneficial. The web sessions might initially be directed to a VIP address that resides on a load balancer in the aggregation layer, or sent directly to the server farm. Given this, the data center network should allocate bandwidth and pathing for services based on real-time communication patterns and application-aware optimization of the network. This fully interconnected architecture is a stark change from the traditional networking models of previous . As application requirements continue to change to address shifting business demands, data center networks must evolve as well. Theres also the PTX series, which offer core capabilities, ultra-high-power efficiency, and exceptional performance in 100G and 400G networks. More detail on access layer design is provided in Chapter6 "Data Center Access Layer Design.". Junos OS powers all of Junipers physical and virtual hardware, providing more operational efficiency and service agility. Data center networks deliver crucial services and applications to end users. Even when a small number of aggregation modules are used, it might be appropriate to use the campus core for connecting the data center fabric. Figure2-8 Access Layer Loop-free Topologies. The high switching rate, large switch fabric, and ability to support a large number of 10 GigE ports are important requirements in the aggregation layer. Services, including the following: Distributed denial-of-service attack protection ( Guard ) physical virtual! Be tuned for bringing all Traffic into a particular aggregation node where primary service in. 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